MICROTIA (MICROTIA ATRESIA OR SMALL EAR)

Definition

MICROTIA – Micro mean = small, Otia mean = ear

Microtia is a congenital deformity which is charactersized by underdeveloped and malformed external ear. It is a congenital abnormality of ear in this condition a small size of ear measure threw the grading of microtia this condition called Microtia.

Grades of Microtia

Grade 1:

• Small ear but almost normal.
• Narrow or small ear canal.

Grade 2:

• Top two third malformed and small.
• Bottom third of ear normal.
• Narrow or missing car canal.

Grade 3:

• Most common type of microtia.
• Underdeveloped external ear.
• Usually ear canal absent.
  Grade 4:
• An absence of ear or ear canal. Anotia

Etiology and Risk Factors

• Alcohol or drugs intake during pregnancy.
• Low carbohydrate or folic acid diet.
• Use of accutane (acne medication in pregnancy).
• Diabetes during pregnancy.
• Age of mother above 35 years.
• Acute illness during pregnancy,
• Decreased level of oxygen during first trimester.

Clinical Manifestations / Signs and Symptoms

• Anotia (missing outer ear).
• Small sized ear
• Abnormal formed outer ear.

Diagnostic Evaluation

• History Collection
• Physical examination
• CT scan

Management

• Reconstructive surgery of ear canal.
• Rib-cartilage graft surgery: In This Surgery Removal of Cartilage from the chest. For used to create the shape of ear and implant under skin where the ear would have been located.
• Medpor graft surgery: In this surgery use synthetic material those material implanted.
• Prosthetic external ear. It not only improves hearing and speech recognition but also appearance of damaged Ear